URBAN NATURAL AREAS
WITH THE IDENTIFICATION OF
SIGNIFICANT SPECIES
A report prepared
for the Environmental Management Division,
Planning & Growth
Management Department, City of Ottawa
By Daniel F. Brunton
March 2005
Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................ ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Status of
native taxa......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Non-native
(introduced) taxa .......................................................................................... 3
1.3 New Data....................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Annotated
list.................................................................................................................. 5
2.0 LITERATURE AND DOCUMENT REFERENCES.............................................................. 87
ATTACHMENTS
ATTACHMENT 1 -
INDEX to Vascular Plant Genera .................................................................. 91
ATTACHMENT
2: Excluded taxa................................................................................................. 106
ATTACHMENT
3: Alphabetical listing of Regionally Significant taxa.............................................. 110
ATTACHMENT
4: Regionally Significant taxa locations................................................................. 126
Unpublished specimen data from
a number of field botanists, most particularly Paul M. Catling, William J.
Crins William Draper, Albert Dugal, the late Clarence Frankton, Catherine J.
Keddy, Michael J. Oldham, Joyce M. Reddoch and David J. White, were
incorporated into this list over a period of several years. Application of
these unpublished data have supplemented in-house knowledge of the vascular
plants of Ottawa gained both from extensive field experience and from off-site
floristic research. The contributions from other field botanists have
significantly enhanced the usefulness of the final list.
Many additional records were
gleaned from examination of the herbarium specimens, as noted in the
Introduction (above). Those preserved at Agriculture Canada (DAO) and the
Canadian Museum of Nature (CAN) constitute particularly large and important
information sources. Collection managers Gizèle Mitrow and Michael Shchepanek
(respectively), greatly facilitated these herbarium investigations.
A number of taxonomic
specialists were consulted for identifications and/ or nomenclatural insight
for some of the plant groups addressed. These include Donald M. Britton,
University of Guelph (pteridophytes), George W. Argus, Canadian Museum of
Nature (Salicaceae), William J. Crins, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources
(Cyperaceae; Juncaceae; Poaceae), Stephen Darbyshire, Agriculture Canada
(Poaceae), Paul M. Catling, Agriculture Canada (Cyperaceae, Orchidacae,
Juncaceae), John Semple, University of Waterloo (Asteraceae), Gerald Mulligan,
Agriculture Canada (Brassicaceae), Erich Haber, Canadian Museum of Nature
(Pyrolaceae), James Phipps, University of Waterloo (Rosaceae) and Tony
Reznicek, University of Michigan (Cyperaceae).
The annotated list was
enhanced significantly by the reviews of botanists Michael Oldham, David White,
Paul Catling and Albert Dugal. These gentlemen provided numerous valuable
comments, corrections, additions and observations. Any errors or emissions
which may have escaped their sharp eyes, however, remain the author’s
responsibility.
This document also benefited
from the efforts of Bernie Muncaster, Muncaster Environmental, in the
development of the generic index, and through the work of Susan Murphy, City of
Ottawa, in final production.
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Accurate identification of the diversity and abundance of species occurring in a particular site provides a valuable indication of the ecological significance of that area’s natural habitats. It also provides important information on possible mitigation, restoration and/ or conservation opportunities. Trends in both population size and the total diversity of significant native species also provide valuable tools in monitoring the overall ecological health of landscapes. Significant species abundance and occurrence information extracted from an earlier floristic data base (Brunton 1998), for example, has been applied to various environmental management purposes in the City of Ottawa, including sensitive areas determinations, the relative rating of different natural areas, and for ecological integrity monitoring. None of these applications can be confidently undertaken, however, without an accurate and comprehensive listing of floristic diversity.
A total of 1,569 species, subspecies and hybrid
vascular plant taxa are known to occur (or to have occurred) within the City of
Ottawa (former Region of Ottawa-Carleton). Nomenclature in the following list
generally follows the most recent taxonomic treatments (e.g. Flora of North
America series), with synonyms frequently employed in the Ottawa area noted
in brackets. The annotated list is
compiled from a variety of sources, including:
·
review of
verifiable regional literature (see References);
·
examination
of preserved specimens in the major contemporary depositories of City of Ottawa
floristic information, including the Canadian Museum of Nature (CAN),
Agriculture Canada (DAO), the Royal Ontario Museum (TRT) and the private
herbarium of Daniel F. Brunton (Dfb);
·
input from
experienced and expert field botanists (see Acknowledgments).
The native vascular flora of the City of
Ottawa (former Region of Ottawa-Carleton), including a small number of taxa
with both native and non-native populations, includes 1,014 vascular
plant species, subspecies and hybrids. Native species designated as
‘Common’ occur frequently within the
City of Ottawa, often in large numbers, throughout their appropriate, typically
widespread habitat(s). ‘Uncommon’ taxa are found only occasionally within
suitable habitat, often in small numbers. The habitat of ‘Uncommon’ species is
often geographically limited as well. ‘Rare’ taxa in Ottawa (their names
highlighted in bold type) represent native species, subspecies and
varieties which further designated as follows:
(PS) Provincial Conservation Concern - typically known from fewer than 100 populations
known in Ontario; the NatureServe subnational conservancy status rank (SRANK)
assigned to each species by the Ontario Heritage Information Centre (Oldham
1999) is noted, followed by the statement of their status in Ottawa.
NatureServe codes employed here are:
o
S1 - Extremely rare in Ontario; usually 5 or
fewer occurrences;
o
S2 - Very rare in Ontario; usually between 6
and 20 occurrences or with many individuals in fewer occurrences;
o
S3 - Rare in Ontario; usually between 21 and
100 occurrences;
o
S4 - Uncommon to locally common in Ontario
and apparently secure; usually between 101 and 1000 occurrences.
The provincial status of such taxa are
updated, when and as data become available. Such changes can be reviewed at any
time on the Ontario Heritage Information Centre web page:
http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/MNR/nhic/species/listout_track.cfm?el=p&alpha=a.
(RS) - Regionally Significant - known from 10
or fewer contemporary populations (post-1969) in the City of Ottawa.
This includes the Rare (5 or fewer populations) and Sparse (6 to
10 populations) categories employed by Gillett & White (1978) and Brunton
(1998). Species known only from pre-1970 records are annotated as Rare
(Historic). The year 1970 was selected as a reasonable limit of our
understanding of ‘contemporary’ since it constitutes a sufficiently long period
of time (35 years) for the development
of a comprehensive set of data while still offering the likelihood of
substantially unchanged site conditions at particular locations.
Some listings for native vascular plant
species are annotated in the ‘Sites/ Status’ column to provide additional
information on their status within the City of Ottawa. Those qualifiers
include:
o
[site name]*
- an asterisk following a particular site name indicates that two to four
separate populations of this significant species are known from this particular
site. If the number of populations (geographically separated occurrences)
within a particular location is known to be greater than four, that is
explicitly stated.
o
Uncommon
[number] - a bracketed numeral in the status column indicates the number of
sites (under 20) for species which were previously considered to be Regionally
Rare in Gillett & White (1978) and/ or Brunton (1998) but for which between
11 and 20 contemporary populations are known. These are considered to have a
measure of special features significance at a Regional (City of Ottawa) level but
not to the level of Regionally Rare taxa. The names of such species are cited
in bold type to further distinguish them more widespread uncommon taxa.
Native hybrids involving at least one rare
parent are also considered Regionally Significant. Hybrids between common or
uncommon taxa, and adventive species (taxa native elsewhere in North America
but occurring here as a result of human activity), are not so
listed however.
Status statements reflect the known
distribution of each taxon as supported by specimens in significant City of
Ottawa voucher collections. Credibly documented citations in botanical
literature and reports (as listed) are also considered. Populations known from
somewhat older records (1950-1969) from sites likely to have retained those
particular species (e.g. the middle of large area known to have maintained its
natural character) are also included as ‘contemporary. The status statement for
species with both native and introduced populations applies to the native
portion of the population, unless otherwise stated.
A substantial proportion (36%) of
the flora of the City of Ottawa is not native to this area. These 571 taxa
are indicated by the symbol ‘#’ in the column following their scientific name.
Taxa so indicated include species and hybrids not native to North America
(introductions), as well as adventives - taxa native elsewhere in North America
but established in the City of Ottawa as a result of ±recent (historic period)
human activity.
Species marked with the introduced symbol
within square brackets ‘[#]’ have both native and non-native populations in
Ottawa. As noted above, status statements for species with both native and
introduced populations apply to the native populations.
Status designations for non-native plants
species are less precise than they are for native taxa since the interpretation
of such information is typically less useful. This reflects the frequently
arbitrary distribution of such human-assisted plants and their limited or even
negative natural environment values. In that regard, it can be especially
difficult to determine if ‘wild’ occurrences of cultivated plants represent
individuals persisting after planting or established, reproducing populations.
We have erred on the side in including such ambiguous taxa on the list.
Non-native taxa designated as ‘Common’ are
present in large numbers in at least a substantial portion of the City of
Ottawa (e.g. several geographic townships). ‘Uncommon’ non-native taxa are seen
infrequently in the City, typically occurring in small numbers but over a
relatively large area of the municipality. ‘Rare’ non-native species are known
from a small number of contemporary records, typically five or fewer
populations being known.
A data base such as this is dynamic and
reflects the state of knowledge of a complex subject at a particular time. In
this case, the cut-off date is 15 April 2005. While it is important
and worthwhile to periodically present
such data in a single package, new information continues to accumulate.
Documentation of supplementary data, therefore, is important for the
maintenance of a complete and applicable data base. Users of floristic data in
Ottawa, be they amateur naturalists or professional field botanists, can make
important contributions by documenting such observations and findings.
The most useful method for documenting new
records is through preservation of a suitably prepared voucher specimen in a
public herbarium, such as one of the collections cited in this document.
Observations of species of Conservation Concern can also be documented by
filing a Species Report on the Ontario Natural Heritage Centre web page at http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/MNR/nhic/species/listout_track.cfm?el=p&alpha=a.
The record becomes part of the province-wide data base directing many
conservation and management efforts across Ontario. Reports of additional
records of significant Ottawa vascular plant taxa would also be welcomed by the
author (bruntonconsulting@rogers.com).
|
Scientific Name |
# |
Common Name |
Status/ Sites |
|
LYCOPODIACEAE (Clubmoss Family) |
|||
|
Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub (Lycopodium complanatum L.) |
|
Northern Ground-cedar |
RS (7): Marshall Bay; Stony Swamp CA; The Burnt Lands; Greely East; Magladry Road South Vars East; Ont. Land Corp. |
|
Diphasiastrum digitatum (A. Br.) Holub (Lycopodium digitatum A. Br.; L. flabelliforme (Fern.) Blanch.) |
|
Ground-cedar |
Common |
|
Diphasiastrum ×habereri (House) Holub (D. digitatum (A. Br.) Holub x tristachyum (Pursh) Holub) |
|
hybrid Ground-cedar |
RS (3): Stony Swamp CA; Marshall Bay; South March Highlands. |
|
Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Pursh) Holub (Lycopodium tristachyum Pursh) |
|
Ground-cedar |
RS (7*): Mer Bleue CA; Constance Bay (Sand Hills); Stony Swamp CA (2+ populations), South March Highlands; Vars West; Marlborough Forest (Paden Road alvar); Marathon West |
|
Diphasiastrum ×zeilleri (Rouy) Holub (D. complanatum (L.) Holub x tristachyum (Pursh) Holub) |
|
hybrid Ground-cedar |
RS (3): Marshall Bay; Fitzroy Harbour; Limestone Road |
|
Huperzia lucidula (Michx.) Trev. (Lycopodium lucidulum Michx.) |
|
Shining Clubmoss |
Common (local) |
|
Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. (Lycopodium selago L.) |
|
Mountain Clubmoss |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3S4); RS (1*): Stony Swamp CA* |
|
Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub (Lycopodium inundatum L.) |
|
Bog Clubmoss |
RS (8*): Mer Bleue CA*; Stony Swamp CA; Magladry Road South; Vars East; Vars West; Herberts Corner Bog; Ont. Land Corp; Anderson Road. |
|
Lycopodium annotinum L. |
|
Running Clubmoss |
Common |
|
Lycopodium clavatum L. |
|
Staghorn Clubmoss |
Common |
|
Lycopodium dendroideum Michx. |
|
Common Ground-pine |
Common |
|
Lycopodium hickeyi Wagner, Beitel & Moran (L. obscurum L. var. isophyllum Hickey) |
|
Hickey's Ground-pine |
Uncommon |
|
Lycopodium lagopus (Laest.) Zin. ex Kuz. (L. clavatum L. var. monostachyon Grev. & Hook.) |
|
One-cone Clubmoss |
RS (2): Mer Bleue CA.; Osgoode Swamp (Springhill Bog). |
|
Lycopodium obscurum L. |
|
Ground-pine |
Uncommon [16] |
|
EQUISETACEAE (Horsetail Family) |
|||
|
Equisetum arvense L. |
|
Field Horsetail |
Common |
|
Equisetum fluviatile L. |
|
Water Horsetail |
Common |
|
Equisetum hyemale L. |
|
Scouring Rush |
Common |
|
Equisetum ×litorale Kuhl. (E. arvense L. x fluviatile L.) |
|
Shoreline Horsetail |
Rare |
|
Equisetum ×mackaii (Newm.) Brichan (E. x trachydon A. Br.; E. hyemale L. x variegatum Schleich.) |
|
hybrid Horsetail |
Rare |
|
Equisetum palustre L. |
|
Marsh Horsetail |
RS (5): Crystal Bay (Beatty Point); Stony Swamp CA; Mer Bleue CA; Magladry Road South; Duck Islands. |
|
Equisetum pratense Ehrh. |
|
Meadow Horsetail |
Uncommon [14] |
|
Equisetum scirpoides Michx. |
|
Dwarf Scouring-rush |
Common |
|
Equisetum sylvaticum L. |
|
Woodland Horsetail |
Common |
|
Equisetum variegatum Schleich. |
|
Variegated Scouring-rush |
Uncommon |
|
SELAGINELLACEAE (Spikemoss Family) |
|||
|
Selaginella eclipes Buck (S. apoda (L.) Fern., p. pt.) |
|
Meadow Spikemoss |
RS (6): Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Morris Island (Lavergne Bay); Marshall Bay; Wattersons Corners; Fitzroy Harbour; Marlborough Forest. |
|
Selaginella rupestris (L.) Spring |
|
Rock Spikemoss |
RS (6*): Carp Hills *(Carp Barrens; Carp); Constance Bay (sand Hills); The Burnt Lands; Morris Island (Mississippi Snye); South March Highlands; Panmure Alvar. |
|
ISOETACEAE (Quillwort Family) |
|||
|
Isoetes ×dodgei Eat. (I. echinospora
Dur. x riparia Engelm.) |
|
Dodge's Quillwort |
RS (7): Woodridge; Crown Point; Buchans Bay; Fitzroy Provincial Park*; Horseshoe Bay; Britannia CA; Deschenes Lookout ESA |
|
Isoetes echinospora Dur. ssp. muricata (Dur.) Löve & Löve |
|
Spiny-spored Quillwort |
Uncommon |
|
Isoetes ×hickeyii Taylor & Luebke (I. echinospora
Dur. x macrospora Dur.) |
|
Hickey's Quillwort |
RS (1): Deschenes Lookout ESA |
|
Isoetes macrospora Dur. (I. lacustris, p. pt.) |
|
Large-spored Quillwort |
RS (2): Constance Bay shores; Deschenes Lookout ESA. |
|
Isoetes riparia Engelm. |
|
River Quillwort |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (10): Woodridge;
McLarens Landing; Crown Point; Morris Island (Morris Island CA; Chats Dam);
Fitzroy Provincial Park*; Buchans Bay; Horseshoe Bay; Britannia CA*;
Deschenes Lookout ESA; Champlain Bridge; Lemieux Islands. |
|
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE (Grapefern Family) |
|||
|
Botrychium dissectum Spreng. (incl. forma obliquum (Muhl.) Fern.) |
|
Cut-leaved Grapefern |
Uncommon |
|
Botrychium lanceolatum (Gmel.) Angstr. |
|
Daisy-leaved Moonwort |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (5): Stony Swamp CA; South March Highlands; Baxter CA; Pinhey Forest; Britannia CA. |
|
Botrychium matricariifolium A. Br. |
|
Matricary Grapefern |
Common |
|
Botrychium minganense Victorin |
|
Mingan Moonwort |
RS (1*): Stony Swamp CA* |
|
Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. (incl. var. intermedium (Eat.) Farw.) |
|
Leathery Grapefern |
Common |
|
Botrychium oneidense (Gilb.) House |
|
Blunt-lobed Grapefern |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (2): Woodlawn; Bell High School Woods. |
|
Botrychium rugulosum W.H. Wagner (B. ternatum, auct.) |
|
St. Lawrence Grapefern |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (3): Pinhey Forest; Stony Swamp CA; Magladry Road South. |
|
Botrychium simplex E. Hitchc. |
|
Least Moonwort |
Uncommon |
|
Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. |
|
Rattlesnake Fern |
Common |
|
Ophioglossum pusillum Raf. (O. vulgatum L. var. pseudopodium (Blake) Farw.) |
|
Adder's-tongue Fern |
RS (5*): Stony Swamp CA (several populations); Manions Corners; Leitrim (several populations); Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); South Gloucester. |
|
OSMUNDACEAE (Flowering-fern Family) |
|||
|
Osmunda cinnamomea L. |
|
Cinnamon Fern |
Common |
|
Osmunda claytoniana L. |
|
Interrupted Fern |
Uncommon |
|
Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray |
|
Royal Fern |
Common |
|
PTERIDACEAE (Maidenhair Fern Family) |
|||
|
Adiantum pedatum L. |
|
Maidenhair Fern |
Uncommon |
|
Cryptogramma stelleri (Gmel.) Prantl. |
|
Slender Cliffbrake |
RS (3): Rockcliffe Park ESA; Riverside Park; Fitzroy Prov. Park. |
|
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE (Bracken Fern Family) |
|||
|
Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) Moore |
|
Hay-scented Fern |
Uncommon |
|
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. |
|
Bracken |
Common |
|
THELYPTERIDACEAE (Marsh Fern Family) |
|||
|
Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt |
|
Northern Beech Fern |
Common (local) |
|
Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl. |
|
New York Fern |
Uncommon |
|
Thelypteris palustris (Salisb.) Schott |
|
Marsh Fern |
Common |
|
BLECHNACEAE (Chain Fern Family) |
|||
|
Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm. |
|
Virginia Chain Fern |
RS (2*): Mer Bleue CA (common); Herberts Corners Bog. |
|
ASPLENIACEAE (Spleenwort Fern Family) |
|||
|
Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes |
|
Ebony Spleenwort |
RS (2*): Stony Swamp CA (6* populations); South Gloucester. |
|
Asplenium rhizophyllum L. (Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link) |
|
Walking Fern |
RS (9): Barrhaven; Mud Pond; Buchans Bay West; Marlborugh Forest (Cedar Grove Trail); Corkery; Constance Creek; Dunrobin; South Gloucester; Stony Swamp CA. |
|
Asplenium trichomanes L. ssp. quadrivalens Meyer |
|
Tetraploid Maidenhair Spleenwort |
RS (3): Barrhaven; Stony Swamp CA; Rockcliffe Park ESA. |
|
Asplenium trichomanes L. ssp. trichomanes |
|
Diploid Maidenhair Spleenwort |
RS (2): South March Highlands; Carp Hills. |
|
DRYOPTERIDACEAE (Woodfern Family) |
|||
|
Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth var. angustum (Willd.) Lawson |
|
Lady Fern |
Common |
|
Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. |
|
Bulblet Bladder-fern |
Common |
|
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. |
|
Fragile Fern |
Common |
|
Cystopteris tenuis (Michx.) Desv. (C. fragilis (L.) Bernh. var. mackayii Lawson) |
|
Mackay's Brittle Fern |
Common |
|
Deparia acrostichoides (Sw.) Kato (Athyrium thelypterioides (Michx.) Desv.) |
|
Silvery Spleenwort |
Uncommon |
|
Diplazium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) Broun (Athyrium pycnocarpum (Spreng.) Tidestr.) |
|
Glade Fern |
RS (8*): South March Highlands; Antrim Black Maple ANSI; Antrim Woodlot; North Gower*; Manotick ANSI; Vars East; South Gloucester; Cardinal Creek. |
|
Dryopteris ×benedictii Wherry (D. carthusiana (Vill.) Fuchs x clintoniana (Eat.) Dow.) |
|
Benedict's Woodfern |
Rare |
|
Dryopteris ×boottii (Tuckerm.) Underw. (D. cristata (L.) A. Gray x intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray) |
|
Boott's Woodfern |
Uncommon |
|
Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) Fuchs (D. spinulosa (Muell.) Watt) |
|
Spinulose Woodfern |
Common |
|
Dryopteris clintoniana (Eat.) Dow. |
|
Clinton's Woodfern |
Uncommon |
|
Dryopteris clintoniana (Eat.) Dow. x cristata (L.) A. Gray |
|
hybrid Woodfern |
Rare |
|
Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray |
|
Crested Woodfern |
Uncommon |
|
Dryopteris ×dowellii Wherry (D. clintoniana (Eat.) Dow. x intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray) |
|
Dowell's Woodfern |
Rare |
|
Dryopteris goldiana (Hook.) A. Gray |
|
Goldie's Woodfern |
RS (7): Beechwood cemetery; Antrim Black Maple ANSI; Antrim; South March Highlands; Marlborough Forest; Little's Woods; South Gloucester. |
|
Dryopteris intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray |
|
Evergreen Woodfern |
Common |
|
Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A. Gray |
|
Marginal Shieldfern |
Common |
|
Dryopteris ×mickelii J. Peck (D. clintoniana (Eat.) Dow. x goldiana (Hook.) A. Gray) |
|
hybrid Woodfern |
RS (3): Beechwood; Cody Creek Black Maple ANSI; South March Highlands. |
|
Dryopteris ×triploidea Wherry (D. carthusiana (Vill.) Fuchs x intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray) |
|
Triploid Woodfern |
Uncommon |
|
Dryopteris ×uliginosum (A. Br.) Druce (D. carthusiana (Vill.) Fuchs x cristata (L.) A. Gray) |
|
hybrid Woodfern |
Rare |
|
Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newm. |
|
Oak Fern |
Common |
|
Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newm. |
|
Limestone Oak Fern |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (Historic): old record (Albion Wetland) |
|
Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro |
|
Ostrich Fern |
Common |
|
Onoclea sensibilis L. |
|
Sensitive Fern |
Common |
|
Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott |
|
Christmas Fern |
Uncommon [19*] |
|
Woodsia oregana D.C. Eat. ssp. cathcartiana (Robins.) Wind. |
|
Cathcart's Woodsia |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); Extirpated: South March Highlands. |
|
Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. |
|
Rusty Woodsia |
RS (2*): Stony Swamp CA*; South March Highlands*. |
|
AZOLLACEAE (Mosquito Fern Family) |
|||
|
Azolla caroliniana Willd. |
|
Mosquito Fern |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); Extirpated (?): large populations along Rideau River & Rideau Canal below Mooneys Bay, 1998 & 2003. |
|
POLYPODIACEAE (Polypody Fern Family) |
|||
|
Polypodium appalachianum Haufler & Windham (P. virginianum L. forma acuminatum Fern.) |
|
Appalachian Polypody |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S1); RS (1): Rothwell Heights. |
|
Polypodium virginianum L. |
|
Common Polypody |
Common |
|
TAXACEAE (Yew Family) |
|||
|
Taxus canadensis Marsh. |
|
Canada Yew |
Common |
|
PINACEAE (Pine Family) |
|||
|
Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. |
|
Balsam Fir |
Common |
|
Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch |
|
Larch |
Common |
|
Picea glauca (Moench) Voss |
|
White Spruce |
Common |
|
Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP. |
|
Black Spruce |
Uncommon (locally abundant) [11] |
|
Pinus banksiana Lamb. |
|
Jack Pine |
RS (3*): Constance Bay Sand Hills (locally abundant); Baskins Beach*; Carp Hills [also several large plantations]. |
|
Pinus resinosa Ait. |
|
Red Pine |
Uncommon (frequently planted) [15] |
|
Pinus strobus L. |
|
White Pine |
Common |
|
Pinus sylvestris L. |
# |
Scot's Pine |
Rare [frequently planted] |
|
Tsuga canadensis L. |
|
Eastern Hemlock |
Common |
|
CUPRESSACEAE (Cypress Family) |
|||
|
Juniperus communis L. |
|
Common Juniper |
Common |
|
Juniperus virginiana L. |
|
Red Juniper |
Uncommon |
|
Thuja occidentalis L. |
|
White Cedar |
Common |
|
TYPHACEAE (Cat-tail Family) |
|||
|
Typha angustifolia L. |
|
Narrow-leaved Cat-tail |
Common |
|
Typha ×glauca Godron (T. angustifolia L. x latifolia L.) |
|
hybrid Cat-tail |
Uncommon |
|
Typha latifolia L. |
|
Common Cat-tail |
Common |
|
SPARGANIACEAE (Bur-reed Family) |
|||
|
Sparganium americanum Nutt. |
|
American Bur-reed |
RS (5): Britannia CA; Stony Swamp CA; Mer Bleue CA; Highway 7 west of Stittsville; Petrie Islands. |
|
Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong |
|
Branching Bur-reed |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (1) Historic: Old record, Billings Bridge. |
|
Sparganium emersum Rehm. (S. chlorocarpum Rydb.) |
|
Green Bur-reed |
Common |
|
Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. |
|
Broad-fruited Bur-reed |
Common |
|
Sparganium fluctuans (Morong) Robins. |
|
Floating Bur-reed |
RS (5): Upper Duck Island; Lower Duck Island; Greens Creek CA; South March Highlands; Crown Point. |
|
Sparganium natans L. (S. minimum (Hartm.) Fries) |
|
Small Bur-reed |
RS (9*):
Huntley Wetland; Poole Creek Wetland *(Rothbourne Swamp, south of Dibblie
Quarry); Mer Bleue CA; Stony Swamp CA; Morris Island; Marlborough Forest;
Dwyer Hill; Jinkinson Road. |
|
POTAMOGETONACEAE (Pondweed Family) |
|||
|
Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerm. |
|
Large-leaf Pondweed |
RS (5): Constance Creek; Huntley Creek; Marlborough Forest (Brassils Ck); Baskins Beach; Deschenes Lookout. |
|
Potamogeton crispus L. |
# |
Crisped Pondweed |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. |
|
Ribbonleaf Pondweed |
Uncommon |
|
Potamogeton foliosus Raf. |
|
Leafy Pondweed |
Common |
|
Potamogeton friesii Rupr. |
|
Fries’ Pondweed |
RS (1): Britannia CA. |
|
Potamogeton gramineus L. |
|
Grassleaf Pondweed |
Common |
|
Potamogeton illinoensis Morong |
|
Illinois Pondweed |
RS (3): Duck Islands; South March Highlands; Fitzroy Provincial Park. |
|
Potamogeton natans L. |
|
Floating Pondweed |
Uncommon |
|
Potamogeton nodosus Poir. |
|
Longleaf Pondweed |
Uncommon |
|
Potamogeton obtusifolius Mert. & Koch |
|
Blunt-leaf Pondweed |
RS (1): Poole Creek Wetland (Rothbourne Swamp). |
|
Potamogeton perfoliatus L. |
|
Perfoliate Pondweed |
Uncommon (locally abundant in Ottawa River) |
|
Potamogeton praelongus Wulf. |
|
White-stemmed Pondweed |
RS (1): Constance Lake |
|
Potamogeton pusillus L. |
|
Small Pondweed |
Uncommon |
|
Potamogeton richardsonii (A. Benn.) Rydb. |
|
Richardson's Pondweed |
Common |
|
Potamogeton robbinsii Oake |
|
Robbin's Pondweed |
Uncommon (locally abundant in Ottawa River) |
|
Potamogeton spirillus Tuckerm. |
|
Northern Snailseed Pondweed |
Uncommon |
|
Potamogeton vaseyi Robbins |
|
Vasey's Pondweed |
RS (5*): Britannia CA; Morris Island*; Deschenes Lookout ESA; Cumberland*; Petrie Islands. |
|
Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern. |
|
Zig-zag Pondweed |
Common |
|
Stuckernia pectinata (L.) Borner (Potamogeton pectinatus L.) |
|
Sago Pondweed |
Common |
|
ZANNICHELLIACEAE (Horned Pondweed Family) |
|||
|
Zannichellia palustris L. |
|
Horned Pondweed |
RS (3): Andrew Haydon Park; Britannia Bay; Hope Cloutier Park. |
|
NAJADACEAE (Naiad Family) |
|||
|
Najas flexilis (Willd.)
R.& S. |
|
Naiad |
Common |
|
SCHEUCHZERIACEAE (Nut-grass Family) |
|||
|
Scheuchzeria palustris L. |
|
Bog Nut-grass |
RS (2*): Mer Bleue CA; Marlborough Forest (Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen). |
|
JUNCAGINACEAE (Arrow-grass Family) |
|||
|
Triglochin maritimum L. |
|
Arrow-grass |
RS (4*): Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen; Long Swamp; Carlsbad Springs East; (adventive at Stittsville; Carp). |
|
Triglochin palustre L. |
|
Arrow-grass |
RS (1): Albion Wetland. |
|
ALISMATACEAE (Water-plantain Family) |
|||
|
Alisma gramineum Gmel. |
[*] |
Grass-leaved Water-plantain |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3S4); RS (2): Andrew Haydon Park; Britannia Bay [also adventive]. |
|
Alisma triviale Pursh |
|
Water-plantain |
Common |
|
Sagittaria cuneata Sheld. |
|
Arrowhead |
RS (6): Champlain Bridge; Britannia Bay.; Marlborough Forest (Brassils Creek); Constance Lake; Horseshoe Bay; Kars (Rideau River). |
|
Sagittaria graminea Michx. |
|
Grass-leaved Arrowhead |
Uncommon (locally abundant). |
|
Sagittaria latifolia Willd. |
|
Broad-leaved Arrowhead |
Common |
|
Sagittaria rigida Pursh |
|
Stiff-leaved Arrowhead |
Uncommon |
|
BUTOMACEAE (Flowering Rush Family) |
|||
|
Butomus umbellatus L. |
# |
Flowering-rush |
Uncommon |
|
HYDROCHARITACEAE (Frog's-bit Family) |
|||
|
Elodea canadensis Michx. |
|
Canada Waterweed |
Common |
|
Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) St. John |
|
Nuttall's Waterweed |
RS (4): Deschenes Lookout; Fitzroy Harbour; Horseshoe Bay; Shirleys Bay. |
|
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. |
# |
Frog's-bit |
Common |
|
Vallisneria americana Michx. |
|
Eel-grass |
Common |
|
POACEAE (Grass Family) |
|||
|
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner ssp. pectinatum Tzvelev |
# |
Crested Wheat Grass |
Rare |
|
Agrostis capillaris L. (A. tenuis
Sibth.) |
# |
Brown-top Bent-grass |
Rare |
|
Agrostis gigantea Roth (A. alba
auct., non L.) |
|
Red-top |
Common |
|
Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm |
|
Autumn Bent-grass |
Uncommon (rivershores) |
|
Agrostis scabra Willd. |
|
Tickle Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Agrostis stolonifera L. (A. alba L.; A. palustris Huds.) |
|
Creeping Bent Grass |
Common |
|
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. |
|
Water Foxtail Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Alopecurus geniculatus L. |
# |
Bent Foxtail Grass |
Rare |
|
Alopecurus pratensis L. |
# |
Meadow Foxtail Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Andropogon gerardii Vittm. |
[#] |
Big Bluestem |
RS (6*): Morris Island*; Shirleys Bay (several populations); Crystal Bay; Baskins Beach; Constance Bay shores; Fitzroy Provinical Park*; Champlain Bridge (plus adventives). |
|
Anthoxanthum nitens (Weber) Schouten & Veldkamp
(Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.) |
[#] |
Sweet Grass |
RS (3): Shirleys Bay (Innis Point) ; Vars West; Vars East (uncommonly adventive along roads) |
|
Anthoxanthum odoratum L. |
# |
Vernal Grass |
Rare |
|
Arrhenatherum elatius (L.)
Beauv. ex Presl |
# |
Tall Oat-grass |
Rare |
|
Avena fatua L. |
# |
Wild Oats |
Uncommon |
|
Avena sativa L. |
# |
Oats |
Rare |
|
Beckmannia syzigachne (Steudel) Fern. |
# |
Slough Grass |
Rare |
|
Brachyelytrum aristosum (Michx.) Trel. (Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) P. Beauv. var. glabratum (Vasey ex. Millsp.) Koyama & Kowano) |
|
Bearded Shorthusk |
Uncommon [16] |
|
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) P. Beauv. |
|
Southern Bearded Shorthusk |
RS (1): Morgan’s Grant
Park |
|
Briza media L. |
# |
Quaking Grass |
Rare |
|
Bromus ciliatus L. |
|
Fringed Brome Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Bromus hordeaceus L. (B. mollis L.) |
# |
Soft Chess |
Rare |
|
Bromus inermis Leyss. |
# |
Common Brome Grass |
Common |
|
Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr. |
# |
Japanese Chess |
Rare |
|
Bromus kalmii A. Gray |
|
Kalm's Brome Grass |
Uncommon [14] |
|
Bromus latiglumis (Shear) A. Hitchc. (B. altissimus Pursh;
B. purgans, auct.; B. pubescens, auct., non Muhl. ex Willd) |
|
Canada Brome Grass |
RS (2): Edwards; Rideau River (Alta Vista). |
|
Bromus racemosus L. |
# |
Chess Grass |
Rare |
|
Bromus secalinus L. |
# |
Chear Chess |
Rare |
|
Bromus tectorum L. |
# |
Downy Chess |
Rare (locally common) |
|
Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. |
|
Canada Bluejoint |
Common |
|
Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth |
# |
Bluejoint |
Rare |
|
Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler ssp. inexpansa (A. Gray) Greene |
# |
Northern Reed Grass |
Rare [native elsewhere in Ontario] |
|
Cinna arundinacea L. |
|
Stout Woodreed |
Uncommon [13] |
|
Cinna latifolia (Trev. ex Goepp.) Griseb. |
|
Drooping Woodreed |
Uncommon [18] |
|
Cynosurus cristatus L. |
# |
Crested Dog's-tail |
Rare |
|
Dactylis glomerata L. |
# |
Orchard Grass |
Common |
|
Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. ex R. & S. |
|
Poverty Grass |
Common |
|
Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv. |
|
Tufted Hair Grass |
RS (3*): Shirleys Bay (Innis Point; Watts Creek); Marathon Forest; Panmure Alvar. |
|
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. |
|
Wavy Hair Grass |
RS (2*): Constance Bay Sand Hills (common); Stony Swamp CA. |
|
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Clarke ssp. columbianum
(Scribn.) Freckmann & LeLong (P. sabulorum Nash. p. pt.; P. tsugetorum Nash; P. ovale, auct.) |
|
Northern Panic Grass |
RS (3): Constance Bay Sand Hills; Ontario Land Corp.; Shirleys Bay (Innis Point). |
|
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Clarke ssp. fasciculatum
(Torr.) Freckmann & LeLong (Panicum lanuginosum Ell. var. fasciculatum Fern.; P. acuminatum auct., non Sw.) |
|
Panic Grass |
Common |
|
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Clarke ssp. implicatum
(Scrib.) Freckmann & LeLong (Panicum implicatum Scribn.) |
|
Small Panic Grass |
Common |
|
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Clarke ssp.
lindheimeri (Nash) Freckmann & LeLong (Panicum lindheimeri Nash; [P. lanuginosum Ell. var. septentrionalis (Fern.) Fern. ? ]) |
|
Smooth Panic Grass |
RS (4): Morris Island (Lavergne Bay); Fitzroy Provincial Park; Champlain Bridge; Shirleys Bay . |
|
Dichanthelium boreale (Nash) Freckmann (Panicum boreale Nash) |
|
Northern Panic Grass |
RS (6*): Constance Bay Sand Hills* (common); Fitzroy Provincial Park; Carp Hills (Carp Barrens); Duck Islands; Carlsbad Springs SW. |
|
Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould (Panicum depauperatum Muhl.) |
|
Impoverished Panic Grass |
RS (6*): Constance Bay Sand Hills* (common); Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Bruce Pit Woods; Vars West; Pine Grove Forest; Findlay Creek Wetland. |
|
Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Harvill (Panicum latifolium L.) |
|
Broad-leaved Panic Grass |
RS (1): Fitzroy Provincial Park. |
|
Dichanthelium linearifolium (Scribn.) Gould (Panicum linearifolium Scribn.) |
|
Narrow-leaved Panic Grass |
Common (local) |
|
Dichanthelium xanthophysum (A. Gray) Freckmann (P. xanthophysum A. Gray) |
|
Yellow Panic Grass |
RS (5*): Constance Bay Sand Hills* (common); The Burnt Lands*; Britannia; French Hill Swamp; Vars East. |
|
Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl. |
# |
Small Crab Grass |
Common |
|
Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. |
# |
Large Crab Grass |
Common (especially in gardens) |
|
Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. |
# |
Barnyard Grass |
Common |
|
Echinochloa muricata (Michx.) Fern. (E. microstchya (Wieg.) Rydb.; E. pungens (Poir.) Rydb, p. pt.; E. wiegandii (Fass.) McNeill & Dore) |
|
Barnyard Grass |
Common |
|
Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller |
|
Walter's Barnyard Grass |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (1): Constance Creek [adventive?]. |
|
Elymus canadensis L. |
[#] |
Canada Rye Grass |
RS (2*): Morris Island (Chats Dam); Constance Bay* [plus adventives] |
|
Elymus hystrix L. (Hystrix patula Moench) |
|
Bottlebrush Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Elymus ×maltei Bowden (E. canadensis L. x virginicus L.) |
|
hybrid Rye Grass |
RS (Historic): old record , ‘Ottawa’ |
|
Elymus repens (L.) Gould
(Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.) |
# |
Quack Grass |
Common |
|
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould (s.l.) |
|
Wheat Grass |
RS (10*): Constance Bay Sand Hills; Mer Bleue CA; Lemieiux Islands; The Burnt Lands (several); Morris Island*; Panmure Alvar; Carp Hills* (Carp; Carp Barrens); Marathon Forest; Mud Pond; South Gloucester. |
|
Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. |
|
Hairy Rye Grass |
RS (1): Stillwater Creek. |
|
Elymus virginicus L. |
|
Wild Rye Grass |
Common |
|
Elymus wiegandii Fern. (Elymus canadensis L. var. wiegandii (Fern.) Bowden) |
|
Wiegand's Wild Rye |
RS (Historic): old records, Billings Bridge,Vincent Massey Park; Bear Brook. |
|
Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Lutati ex Hubb. (E. megastachya (Koeler) Link) |
# |
Stinking Love Grass |
Rare |
|
Eragrostis frankii C. Meyer |
|
Frank's Love Grass |
RS (8*): Stittsville*; Long Swamp; The Burnt Lands*; Fallowfield; Carp Airport; Manotick; Rideau River Provincial Park; Vars East. |
|
Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) BSP. |
|
Mossy Love Grass |
RS (1): Petrie Islands. |
|
Eragrostis minor Host (E. pooides R. & S.) |
# |
Love Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees var. miserrima (Fourn.)
Reeder (E.
tephrosanthos Schultes) |
# |
Love Grass |
Rare |
|
Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees var. pectinacea |
# |
Pectinate Love Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. |
# |
India Love Grass |
Rare [formerly considered native species of Provincial Conservation Concern (S1)] |
|
Festuca brevipila Tracey
(F. trachyphylla (Hackel) Krajina; F. longifolia auct.; F. ovina, auct.) |
# |
Sheep Fescue |
Uncommon |
|
Festuca filiformis Pourr. ( F. capillata Lam.;
F. tenuifolia Lam.) |
# |
Hair Fescue |
Rare |
|
Festuca rubra L. |
# |
Red Fescue |
Uncommon |
|
Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) Alexeev ( F. obtusa Biehler) |
|
Nodding Fescue |
Uncommon |
|
Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batch. |
|
Northern Manna Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin. |
|
Canada Manna Grass |
RS (3): Mer Bleue CA*; Mud Creek; Albion Wetland |
|
Glyceria grandis S. Wats. |
|
Large Manna Grass |
Common |
|
Glyceria ×laxa (Scribn.) Scribn (G. canadensis (Michx.) Trin. x grandis S. Wats.) |
|
hybrid Manna Grass |
RS (Historic): old record, Mer Bleue CA* |
|
Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb. |
# |
Giant Manna Grass |
Rare (Mississippi R.) |
|
Glyceria melicaria (Michx.) Hubb. |
|
Long Manna Grass |
RS (3): Mer Bleue CA; Vars East; Chapel Hill Forest. |
|
Glyceria ×ottawensis Bowden ( G. canadensis (Michx.) Trin. x striata (Lam.) A. Hitchc.) |
|
hybrid Manna Grass |
Rare |
|
Glyceria septentrionalis A. Hitchc. |
|
Southern Manna Grass |
RS (1): Lower Duck Island. |
|
Glyceria striata (Lam.) A. Hitchc. |
|
Fowl Manna Grass |
Common |
|
Hordeum jubatum L. |
# |
Foxtail Barley |
Common |
|
Hordeum vulgare L. |
# |
Barley |
Rare |
|
Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. |
|
Rice Cut-grass |
Common |
|
Leersia virginica Willd. |
|
Virginia Cut-grass |
Uncommon |
|
Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbyshire (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) |
# |
Tall Fescue |
Uncommon |
|
Lolium perenne L. (incl. Lolium multiflorum Lam.) |
# |
Perennial Rye grass |
Rare |
|
Lolium pratense (Hudson)
Darbyshire (Festuca pratensis Hudson) |
# |
Meadow Fescue |
Common (local) |
|
Milium effusum L. |
|
Wild Millet |
RS (10*): Morris Island (Lavergne Point); South March Highlands (Trillium Woods) Osgoode Swamp*; Navan; O'Toole Road; Emmett Road; French Hill Creek; Magladry Road South; Bearbrook; Vars East. |
|
Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hackel |
# |
Miscanthus |
Rare |
|
Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench |
# |
Moor Grass |
Rare |
|
Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fern. |
|
Wire-stem Muhlenbergia |
RS (4): Deschenes Lookout; Rockcliffe; Petrie Islands; Edwards [plus adventives]. |
|
Muhlenbergia glomerata (Willd.) Trin. |
[#] |
Wild Timothy |
Uncommon [11] (plus adventives) |
|
Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. |
|
Mexican Muhlenbergia |
Common |
|
Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr. ex A. Gray |
|
Woodland Muhlenbergia |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S1); RS (4): Rockcliffe Park ESA; Vincent Massey Park; Billings Bridge Islands ESA; Navan. |
|
Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. |
|
Mountain Rice Grass |
Common |
|
Oryzopsis pungens (Torr. ex Spreng.) Hitchc. |
|
Sharp-leaved Mountain Rice Grass |
RS (3): Constance Bay Sand Hills (common); Kanata; Vars West. |
|
Oryzopsis racemosa (Sm.) Ricker ex Hitchc. |
|
Mountain Rice Grass |
Uncommon [17] |
|
Panicum capillare L. |
|
Witch Grass |
Common |
|
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. |
# |
Panic Grass |
Rare |
|
Panicum flexile (Gatt.) Scribn. |
|
Wiry Panic Grass |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Panicum miliaceum L. |
# |
Millet |
Rare |
|
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. |
|
Philadelphia Panic Grass |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. ssp. gattingeri (Nash) Freckmann
& Long (P. gattingeri Nash) |
|
Gattinger's Panic Grass |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (1): Petrie Islands |
|
Panicum tuckermanii Fern. (P. philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin., p. pt.) |
|
Tuckerman's Panic Grass |
RS (7): Petrie Islands; Morris Island; Constance Bay Shores; Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Britannia CA; Upper Jock River; Carp Airport; Highway 7 North. |
|
Panicum virgatum L. |
# |
Switch Grass |
Rare [native elsewhere in Ontario] |
|
Phalaris arundinacea L. |
[#] |
Reed Canary Grass |
Common (locally abundant introduction) |
|
Phalaris canariensis L. |
# |
Bird-seed Grass |
Rare |
|
Phleum pratense L. |
# |
Timothy |
Common |
|
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel ssp. americana Saltonstall, Peterson & Sorong |
|
Common Reed Grass |
RS (8*): Shirleys Bay; Mississippi River*; Upper Jock River;; Prospect; Mer Bleue CA; Mud Pond; Albion Wetland*; Marlborough Forest. |
|
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel ssp. australis |
# |
European Reed Grass |
Uncommon (locally abundant adventive) |
|
Poa alsodes A. Gray |
|
Woodland Meadow Grass |
RS (4): Kinburn Clay Plain Woods; Osgoode Swamp; Ont. Land Corp.; South Gloucester. |
|
Poa annua L. |
# |
Annual Meadow Grass |
Common |
|
Poa bulbosa L. |
# |
Bulbous Meadow Grass |
Rare |
|
Poa compressa L. |
# |
Wire Grass |
Common |
|
Poa glaucantha Gaudin |
|
Blue Meadow Grass |
RS (Historic): old record, Cumberland. |
|
Poa nemoralis L. |
# |
Wood Meadow Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Poa palustris L. |
|
Swamp Meadow Grass |
Common |
|
Poa pratensis L. |
# |
June Meadow Grass |
Common |
|
Poa saltuensis Fern. & Wieg. |
|
Forest Meadow Grass |
RS (6*): South March Highlands*; Buchans Bay West; Stony Swamp CA; Carlsbad Springs SW; South Gloucester; DND Woods. |
|
Poa trivialis L. |
# |
Rough Meadow Grass |
Rare |
|
Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. |
# |
Alkakli Grass |
Uncommon |
|
Schizachne purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen |
|
False Melic Grass |
Common |
|
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nees (Andropogon scoparius Michx.) |
|
Little Bluestem |
RS (7*): Morris Island*; Fitzroy Provincial Park; Shirleys Bay*; Crystal Bay; Britannia CA (extirpated); Baskins Beach; Constance Bay shores [* adventives]. |
|
Secale cereale L. |
# |
Rye |
Rare |
|
Setaria faberi Herrm. |
# |
Large Bristlegrass |
Rare |
|
Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. |
# |
Italian Bristlegrass |
Rare |
|
Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & Schultes (S. glauca (L.) Beauv.) |
# |
Pigeon Grass |
Common |
|
Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv. |
# |
Bur Bristlegrass |
Rare |
|
Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. |
# |
Green Bristlegrass |
Common |
|
Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash |
|
Indian Grass |
RS (6*): Morris Island*; Constance Bay Shores* (common); Fitzroy Provincial Park; Andrew Haydon Park; Shirleys Bay*; Crystal Bay. |
|
Sorghum bicolor Moench ssp. drummondii (Steudl.) de
Wet & Harlan (S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf.) |
# |
Sudan Grass |
Rare |
|
Spartina pectinata Link |
|
Cord Grass |
Uncommon (common along Ottawa River) |
|
Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. |
|
Slender Wedge Grass |
Uncommon [17] |
|
Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Merr. (Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth) |
|
Dropseed |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S1S2); RS (1): Shirleys Bay (Innis Point) [plus roadside adventives]. |
|
Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray |
# |
Sand Dropseed |
Rare (locally abundant) |
|
Sporobolus heterolepis (A. Gray) A. Gray |
|
Prairie Dropseed |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (3*): Burnt Lands* (locally abundant); Shirleys Bay (Innis Point - extirpated?); Morris Island (Lavergne Bay). |
|
Sporobolus neglectus Nash |
|
Overlooked Dropseed |
Common |
|
Sporobolus vaginiflorus (Torr. ex A. Gray) Wood (s.l.) |
|
Ensheathed Dropseed |
Common [taxonomic problem; var. vaginiflorus rare on alvars ?]. |
|
Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) Church var. fernaldii (A.
Hitchc.) Dore (T. fernaldii (A. Hitchc.) Church ) |
|
Fernald's Manna Grass |
RS (4): Mer Bleue CA; South March Highlands; Stony Swamp CA; Fitzroy Prov Park. |
|
Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) Church var. pallida |
|
Pale Manna Grass |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (2): Ont. Land Corp; Albion Road South. |
|
Trisetum spicatum (L.) Richter (incl. T. triflorum (Bigel.) A. & D. Löve) |
|
False Oats |
RS (Historic): old record, Rockcliffe. |
|
Triticum aestivum L. |
# |
Wheat |
Uncommon |
|
Ventenata dubia (Leers) Cosson |
# |
grass |
Rare |
|
Zea mays L. |
# |
Corn |
Rare |
|
Zizania aquatica L. (incl. Z. aquatica var. subbrevis Boivin) |
|
Southern Wild Rice |
RS (6*): Mer Bleue CA; Ont. Land Corp.; Bear Brook* (common); North Castor River (common); North Osgoode Complex; Vars. |
|
Zizania palustris L. var. palustris |
|
Wild Rice |
Uncommon |
|
Zizania palustris L. var. interior (Fassett) Dore |
# |
Western Wild Rice |
Rare [native elsewhere in Ontario] |
|
CYPERACEAE (Sedge Family) |
|||
|
Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torr.) Sojak (Schoenoplectus fluviatilis (Torr.) Strong; Scirpus fluviatilis (Torr.) A. Gray) |
|
River Bulrush |
Uncommon [15] |
|
Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) C. B. Clarke |
# |
Bulbostylis |
Rare [native populations of Provincial Conservation Concern (S3?) in Ontario] |
|
Carex acutiformis Ehrh. |
# |
sedge |
Rare |
|
Carex albursina Sheld. |
|
White-bear Sedge |
Uncommon [16] |
|
Carex alopecoidea Tuckerm. |
|
Foxtail Sedge |
RS (8): Stony Swamp CA; Manotick ANSI; Stillwater Creek; Third Line West Carleton Woodlot; Champlain Bridge; Elmhurst Street Woods; Severn Street Woods; NRC Woods. |
|
Carex aquatilis Wahl. |
|
Aquatic Sedge |
RS (9*): Britannia CA; Champlain Bridge; Chaudiere Rapids; North of Highway 7; Poole Creek Wetland Complex; Duck Islands; Marlborough Forest*; French Hill Swamp; Vars East. |
|
Carex arcta Boott |
|
Bear Sedge |
RS (Historic): old records, Vincent Massey Park; Britannia; Constance Bay Sand Hills. |
|
Carex arctata Boott |
|
Compressed Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex atherodes Sprengel |
|
Awned Sedge |
RS (3): Stony Swamp CA; Osgoode Swamp (Springhill Bog); Burnt Lands. |
|
Carex aurea Nutt. |
|
Golden Sedge |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Carex backii Boott |
|
Back's Sedge |
RS (2): South March Highlands; Riverside Park. |
|
Carex bebbii (Bailey) Fern. |
|
Bebb's Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex blanda Dew. |
|
Smooth Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex brevior (Dew.) Mack. |
|
Short-headed Sedge |
RS (4): Ont. Land Corp.; Vars West; Petrie Islands; South March Highlands. |
|
Carex bromoides Willd. |
|
Brome-like Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. |
|
Brownish Sedge |
Uncommon [12] |
|
Carex canescens L. |
|
Hoary Sedge |
Uncommon [16] |
|
Carex castanea Wahl. |
|
Chestnut Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex cephaloidea (Dew.) Dew. |
|
Head Sedge |
Uncommon [20] |
|
Carex chordorrhiza L.f. |
|
Cord Sedge |
RS (2): Mer Bleue CA; Long Swamp. |
|
Carex communis Bailey |
|
Common Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex comosa Boott |
|
Bristly Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex concinna R. Br. |
|
Elegant Sedge |
RS (Historic): old records, Buchans Bay West; Constance Lake; The Burnt Lands. |
|
Carex crawei Dew. |
|
Crawe's Sedge |
RS (6*): The Burnt Lands* (common); Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Morris Island (Lavergne Bay); Marathon Forest; Panmure Alvar; Burritts Rapids. |
|
Carex crawfordii Fern. |
|
Crawford's Sedge |
RS (1): Carp Hills (West Ridge). |
|
Carex crinita Lam. |
|
Fringed Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex cristatella Britt. |
|
Crested Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex cryptolepis Mack. |
|
Hidden-scale Sedge |
RS (3): Marlborough Forest (Richmond Fen); The Burnt Lands; Moores Corners; Fernbank Wetland. |
|
Carex cumulata (Bailey) Mack. |
|
Clustered Sedge |
RS (2): Heron Gate Woods; Osgoode Swamp (Springhill Bog). |
|
Carex debilis Michx. var. rudgei Bailey |
|
Weak Sedge |
RS (8*): Albion Wetland; Pinhey Forest; Pine Grove Forest; Ont. Land Corp.; Greely*; Vars West; Mer Bleue CA. |
|
Carex deflexa Hornem. |
|
Deflexed Sedge |
RS (3): Britannia CA; Airbase Woods; Carp Hills (West Ridge). |
|
Carex deweyana Schw. |
|
Dewey's Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex diandra Schrank |
|
Two-stamened Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex disperma Dew. |
|
Two-seeded Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex eburnea Boott |
|
Ivory Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex echinata Murr. |
|
Prickly Sedge |
RS (8*): Mer Bleue CA* (common); Albion Wetland; Pine Grove Forest; Stony Swamp CA; Carp Hills (Carp Barrens); South March Highlands; Vars West; Ont. Land Corp. (several). |
|
Carex exilis Dew. |
|
Starved Sedge |
RS (3*): Mer Bleue CA* (common); Marlborough Forest (Richmond Fen); Long Swamp. |
|
Carex flacca Schreb. |
# |
Heath Sedge |
Rare |
|
Carex flava L. |
|
Yellow Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex foenea Willd. (C. aenea Fern.) |
|
Copper Sedge |
RS (6*): Hunt Club Creek; Mer Bleue CA; Ont. Land Corp.*; Pine Grove Forest; Petrie Islands; Carp Hills (Carp Barrens) [plus adventives]. |
|
Carex folliculata L. |
|
Long Sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (10): Mer Bleue CA; Bypass Woods; Vars West; Baxter CA; Pinhey Forest; Petrie Islands; Anderson Road; Navan; Magladry Road South; Ont. Land Corp. |
|
Carex formosa Dew. |
|
Handsome Sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); Uncommon (14): Metcalfe; Marlborough Forest (Flood Road); West Osgoode Swamp; NW Vernon; Vernon Woods; Springhill; South Castor River W; North Osgoode Complex; Metcalfe North; 8th Line N; Pana Road.; Rideau Carleton Woods; Hazeldean Park Woods. |
|
Carex gracillima Schw. |
|
Filiform Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex granularis Willd. |
|
Granular Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex grayi Carey |
|
Gray's Sedge |
Uncommon [18] |
|
Carex grisea Wahl. (C. amphibola Steudel var. turgida
Fern.) |
|
Gray Sedge |
RS (7*): Britannia CA*; Elmhurst Street Woods*; Shirleys Bay (Shirley’s Brook); Stillwater Creek*; North Gower; Champlain Bridge; Hearts Desire. |
|
Carex gynandra Schw. |
|
sedge |
RS (3): Mer Bleue CA; French Hill Creek; Mud Creek. |
|
Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drejer |
|
Ridged Sedge |
RS (1): Albion Wetland. |
|
Carex haydenii Dew. |
|
Cloud Sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (1): Carlsbad Springs SW. |
|
Carex hirtifolia Mack. |
|
Hairy Sedge |
Uncommon [16] |
|
Carex hitchcockiana Dew. |
|
Hitchcock's Sedge |
Uncommon [20] |
|
Carex houghtoniana Torr. ex Dew. |
|
Houghton's Sedge |
RS (7); Baskins Beach; Constance Bay Sand Hills; The Burnt Lands; Stony Swamp CA; Vincent Massey Park; Bruce Pit Woods; Mer Bleue CA. |
|
Carex hystericina Willd. |
|
Porcupine Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex interior Bailey |
|
Inland Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex intumescens Rudge |
|
Bladder Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex ×knieskernii Dew. (C. arctata Boott x castanea Wahl.) |
|
hybrid sedge |
Rare |
|
Carex lacustris Willd. |
|
Lake Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. |
|
Slender Sedge |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Carex laxiflora Lam. |
|
Loose-flowered Sedge |
Uncommon (Rare west of Rideau River) |
|
Carex lenticularis Michx. |
|
Flat-seeded Sedge |
RS (6): Champlain Bridge; Constance Bay Shores; Britannia CA; Deschenes Lookout; Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Fitzroy Provincial Park. |
|
Carex leptalea Wahl. |
|
Bristle-stalked Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex leptonervia Fern. |
|
Finely-nerved Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex limosa L. |
|
Mud Sedge |
RS (5*): Mer Bleue CA; Marlborough Forest* (Richmond Fen (common); Phragmites Fen); Long Swamp; Albion Wetland; Osgoode Swamp* (Herberts Corners Bog). |
|
Carex livida (Wahl.) Willd. |
|
Lead Sedge |
RS (3*): Long Swamp; Albion Wetland; Marlborough Forest* (Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen). |
|
Carex lucorum Link |
|
Distant Sedge |
RS (Extirpated): old record, Billings Bridge. |
|
Carex lupulina Willd. |
|
Hop Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex lurida Wahl. |
|
Sallow Sedge |
Uncommon [15] |
|
Carex magellanica Lam. (C. paupercula
Michx.) |
|
Stunted Sedge |
Uncommon [13] |
|
Carex merritt-fernaldii Mack. |
|
Fernald's Sedge |
RS (6*): Carp Hills (Carp Barrens*); Hunt Club Creek; Mer Bleue CA; Shirleys Bay (Innis Point); Bruce Pit Woods. |
|
Carex molesta Mack. |
|
Troublesome Sedge |
RS (1): Fitzroy Provincial Park. |
|
Carex novae-angliae Schw. |
|
New England Sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); Uncommon (12): Mer Bleue CA *; Old Dump Woods; Bypass Woods; Albion Wetland; Vars West; Vars East; Osgoode Swamp (Herberts Corners Bog); North Castor River; French Hill Swamp; Anderson Road; Carlsbad Springs SW. |
|
Carex oligosperma Michx. |
|
Few-seeded Sedge |
RS (3): Mer Bleue CA; Osgoode Swamp (Herberts Corners Bog); Constance Bay Sand Hills. |
|
Carex ormostachya Wieg. |
|
Necklace Sedge |
RS (3): Dwyer Hill; South Gloucester; Stittsville. |
|
Carex pallescens L. |
|
Pale Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex pauciflora Lightf. |
|
Few-flowered Sedge |
RS (2*): Mer Bleue CA*; Marlborough Forest. |
|
Carex peckii Howe |
|
Peck's Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex pedunculata Willd. |
|
Peduncled Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex pellita Muhl. (C. lanuginosa,
auct.) |
|
Woolly Sedge |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
Carex pensylvanica Lam. |
|
Pennsylvania Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex plantaginea Lam. |
|
Plantain-leaved Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex platyphylla Dew. |
|
Broad-leaved Sedge |
RS (Historic): old record, Woodridge. |
|
Carex praegracilis W. Boott |
# |
Slender Sedge |
Uncommon (locally abundant; spreading) |
|
Carex prairea Dew. |
|
Prairie Sedge |
RS (2): Albion Wetland; Long Swamp. |
|
Carex prasina Wahl. |
|
Onion Sedge |
RS (10): Elmhurst St. Woods; Vars West; Billings Bridge; Magladry Road South; Cambrian Road; Vars East; Ont. Land Corp.; Anderson Road; DND Woods; Chapel Hill Forest. |
|
Carex projecta Mack. |
|
Spreading Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex pseudo-cyperus L. |
|
Cypress-like Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex radiata (Wahl.) Small (C. rosea, auct., non Willd.) |
|
Stellate Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex retrorsa Schw. |
|
Back-turned Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex richardsonii R. Br. |
|
Richardson's Sedge |
RS (2*): Constance Bay Sand Hills; The Burnt Lands* (common). |
|
Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. (C. convoluta Mack.) |
|
Rolled-up Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex sartwellii Dew. |
|
Sartwell's Sedge |
RS (Historic): old record, Mer Bleue CA . |
|
Carex scabrata Schw. |
|
Scabrous Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex scoparia Willd. |
|
Broom Sedge |
RS (9*): Carp Hills* (West Ridge; Carp Barrens); South March Highlands; Whelan Park; Mer Bleue CA; Albion Wetland; South Gloucester; Conroy Woods; Mud Pond; Town Centre Woods*. |
|
Carex siccata Dew. (C. foenea, auct., non Willd.) |
|
Dry Sedge |
RS (1*): Constance Bay Sand Hills* (common). |
|
Carex sparganioides Willd. |
|
Bur-reed Sedge |
Uncommon [11] |
|
Carex spicata Huds. |
# |
Spiked Sedge |
Rare |
|
Carex sprengelii Dew. ex Sprengel |
|
Sprengel's Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex sterilis Willd. |
|
Sterile Sedge |
RS (1): Albion Wetland. |
|
Carex stipata Willd. |
|
Crowded Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex stricta Lam. |
|
Stiff Sedge |
Uncommon [11] |
|
Carex xsubviridula (Kuken.) Fern. (C. flava
L. x viridula Michx.)) |
|
Hybrid sedge |
Rare (Ashton Station) |
|
Carex sychnocephala Carey |
|
Compact Sedge |
RS (8): Manotick; Stony Swamp CA; Constance Bay Sand Hills; North Osgoode Complex; Marlborough Forest; Albion Wetland; 8th Line N; South Gloucester. |
|
Carex tenera Dew. |
|
Slender Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex tenuiflora Wahl. |
|
Sparse-flowered Sedge |
RS (1): Long Swamp. |
|
Carex tonsa (Fern.) Bickn. var. rugosperma (Mack.) Crins (C. rugosperma Mack.) |
|
Rough-seeded Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex tribuloides Wahl. |
|
Blunt-broom Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Carex trisperma Dew. var. billingsii Knight |
|
Billing’s Sedge |
RS (1): Osgoode Swamp |
|
Carex trisperma Dew. var. trisperma |
|
Three-seeded Sedge |
Uncommon [15] |
|
Carex tuckermanii Boott ex Dew. |
|
Tuckerman's Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex typhina Michx. |
|
Cat-tail Sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (3): Greens Creek CA; Britannia CA; Petrie Islands. |
|
Carex umbellata Willd. |
|
Umbrella Sedge |
RS (6*): The Burnt Lands*; Metcalfe; Kanata; Baskins Beach; Antrim; Marlborough Forest. |
|
Carex utriculata Boott (C. rostrata Stokes var. utriculata (Boot) Bailey) |
|
Beaked Sedge |
RS (7*): Marlborough Forest (Rideau Tp.); Upper Duck Island; Vincent Massey Park; Mer Bleue CA.; Pine Grove Forest; Ont. Land Corp.; Shirleys Bay* (Watts Creek; Innis Point); Fitzroy Provincial Park. |
|
Carex utriculata Boott x vesicaria L. |
|
hybrid sedge |
RS (1): Mer Bleue CA |
|
Carex vaginata Tausch |
|
Ensheathed Sedge |
RS (3): Long Swamp; Corkery Wetland; Highway 17 North. |
|
Carex vesicaria L. |
|
Inflated Sedge |
Uncommon [15] |
|
Carex viridula Michx. |
|
Greenish Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex vulpinoidea Michx. |
|
Fox Sedge |
Common |
|
Carex woodii Dew. |
|
Wood's Sedge |
RS (6): Kinburn Clay Plain Woods; South Gloucester; Vernon Woods; Little's Woods; Pana Road; vicinity of Metcalfe. |
|
Cladium mariscoides (Muhl.) Torr. |
|
Twig-rush |
RS (3*): Marlborough Forest* (south end; Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen); Mud Pond; Albion Wetland. |
|
Cyperus bipartitus Torr. (C. rivularis Kunth) |
|
River Umbrella-sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Cyperus diandrus Torr. |
|
Two-stamened Umbrella-sedge |
RS (7): Britannia CA; Ottawa Beach; Buchans Bay; Champlain Bridge; Woodridge; Fitzroy Harbour; Petrie Islands. |
|
Cyperus esculentus L. var. leptostachyus Boeckl. |
|
Ground-almond |
Uncommon |
|
Cyperus houghtonii Torr. |
|
Houghton's Umbrella-sedge |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S3); RS (1*): Constance Bay Sand Hills (common). |
|
Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.) Marcks ssp. macilentus
(Fern.) Marcks (C. filiculmis,
auct., non Vahl) |
|
Slender Umbrella-sedge |
RS (2*): Constance Bay Shores* (common); Constance Bay Sand Hills. |
|
Cyperus odoratus L. (incl. C. engelmannii Steudel;
C. ferruginescens, auct., non
Boeck.) |
|
Umbrella-sedge |
RS (2): Horseshoe Bay; Petrie Islands. |
|
Cyperus squarrosus L. (C. aristatus Rottb.) |
|
Awned Bulrush |
Uncommon |
|
Cyperus strigosus L. |
|
Lean Umbrella-sedge |
Uncommon [11] |
|
Dulichium arundinaceum (L.) Britt. |
|
Three-way Sedge |
Uncommon |
|
Eleocharis acicularis (L.) R.& S. |
|
Needle Spikerush |
Common |
|
Eleocharis compressa Sull. (incl. E. elliptica auct., non Kunth ?) |
|
Flattened Spikerush |
Uncommon [11] (taxonomic problem) |
|
Eleocharis
elliptica Kunth (E. tenuis (Willd.) Schultes var. borealis
(Svenson) Boivin; E. compressa auct., non Sull.?) |
|
Rounded Spike-rush |
Uncommon [12] (taxonomic problem) |
|
Eleocharis erythropoda Steudel (E. calva Torr.) |
|
Red-stemmed Spike-rush |
Uncommon |
|
Eleocharis intermedia Schultes |
|
Intermediate Spike-rush |
RS (3): Britannia Bay; Ottawa Beach; South Gloucester. |
|
Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schultes |
|
Blunt Spike-rush |
Common |
|
Eleocharis palustris (L.) R.& S. (incl. E. smallii Britt.) |
|
Marsh Spike-rush |
Common |
|
Eriophorum chamissonis C. Meyer |
|
Chamisso's Cotton-grass |
RS (1*): Mer Bleue CA* (common). |
|
Eriophorum gracile Koch |
|
Slender Cotton-grass |
RS (1*): Marlborough Forest*. |
|
Eriophorum ×porsildii Raymond (E. chamissonis
C. Meyer x vaginatum L.) |
|
Porsild's Cotton-grass |
RS (Historic): old record, Mer Bleue CA. |
|
Eriophorum tenellum Nutt. |
|
Filiform Cotton-grass |
RS (1*): Mer Bleue CA*
(common). |
|
Eriophorum vaginatum L. (E. spissum Fern.) |
|
Dense Cotton-grass |
RS (3*): Mer Bleue CA* (abundant); Osgoode Swamp* (Springhill Bog, Herberts Corners Bog); Marlborough Forest*. |
|
Eriophorum virginicum L. |
|
Virginia Cotton-grass |
RS (6*): Mer Bleue CA* (common); Pine Grove Forest; Stony Swamp CA; Osgoode Swamp* (Springhill Bog; Herberts Corners Bog); Vars East. |
|
Eriophorum viridicarinatum (Engelm.) Fern. |
|
Green Cotton-grass |
RS (9*): Mud Pond; Marlborough Forest* (south end; Phragmites Fen; Richmond Fen); Mer Bleue CA; Long Swamp; Corkery Wetland; Albion Wetland; Stony Swamp CA; Osgoode Swamp; Poole Creek Wetland. |
|
Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) R.& S. |
|
Autumn Fimbristylis |
RS (5): Constance Bay Shores; Horseshoe Bay; Fitzroy Provincial Park; Champlain Bridge; Petrie Islands. |
|
Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl |
|
White Beak-rush |
RS (5*): Marlborough Forest* (Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen); Long Swamp; Mud Pond; Albion Wetland; Mer Bleue CA* (common). |
|
Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. ex Bigel.) Love & Love (Scirpus acutus (Sm.) Hartm.) |
|
Great Bulrush |
RS (5*): Marlborough Forest*; Billings Bridge; Champlain Bridge; Vincent Massey Park; Constance Bay Shores. |
|
Schoenoplectus heterochaetus (Chase) Sojak (Scirpus heterochaetus Chase) |
|
Slender Bulrush |
Provincial Conservation Concern (S2); RS (Extirpated): old record, Green Island, Rideau River. |
|
Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla (Scirpus
americanus auct., non Pers.; S. pungens Vahl) |
|
Three-square Bulrush |
Common |
|
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (Gmel.) Palla (Scirpus
validus Vahl) |
|
Strong Bulrush |
Common |
|
Scirpus atrocintus Fern. |
|
Black-girdled Bulrush |
Uncommon |
|
Scirpus atrovirens Willd. |
|
Blackish Bulrush |
Common |
|
Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth |
|
Wool-grass |
Common |
|
Scirpus hattorianus Fern. (S. atrovirens Willd., p. pt.) |
|
Mosquito Bulrush |
Common |
|
Scirpus microcarpus Presl. (S. rubrotinctus Fern.) |
|
Red-stem Bulrush |
Uncommon |
|
Scirpus pedicellatus Fern. |
|
Pedicled Bulrush |
RS (4): Albion Wetland; South Gloucester; Shirleys Bay (Watts Creek), Petrie Islands. |
|
Scirpus pendulus Muhl. (S. lineatus
auct., non Michx.) |
|
Drooping Bulrush |
Uncommon (locally abundant). |
|
Trichophorum alpinum (L.) Pers. (Scirpus hudsonianus (Michx.) Fern.) |
|
Wooly Club-rush |
RS (9*): Marlborough Forest* (south end; Richmond Fen; Phragmites Fen); Long Swamp; Mud Pond; Mer Bleue CA; Albion Wetland; Pine Grove Forest; Ont. Land Corp. [plus adventives]. |
|
ACORACEAE (Sweet-flag Family) |
|||
|
Acorus americanus Raf. (A. calamus auct.,
non L.) |
|
Sweet-flag |
Uncommon |
|
ARACEAE (Arum Family) |
|||
|
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott |
|
Jack-in-the-pulpit |
Common |
|
Calla palustris L. |
|
Wild Calla |
Common |
|
Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Nutt. |
|
Skunk-cabbage |
RS (5): Osgoode;
Sarsfield; Metcalfe North;
MacSkimming Woods; French Hill Swamp (*) - also introduced (South Gloucester). |
|
LEMNACEAE (Duckweed Family) |
|||
|
Lemna minor L. |
|
Small Duckweed |
Common |
|
Lemna trisulca L. |
|
Ivy Duckweed |
Common |
|
Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. |
|
Large Duckweed |
RS (7*): Britannia CA; Upper Jock River; Fitzroy Harbour (Carp River); Shirley's Bay* (Watts Creek; Innis Point); Kars (Rideau River); Vincent Massey Park; Memorial Gardens Woods. |
|
Wolffia borealis (Engelm.) Land. (W. punctata Griseb.) |
|
Watermeal |
Uncommon [15] |
|
Wolffia columbiana H. Karsten (W. arrhiza auct., non (L.) Horkel) |
|
Watermeal |
Uncommon [15] |
|
ERIOCAULACEAE (Pipewort Family) |
|||
|
Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce (E. septangulare With.) |
|
Pipewort |
Uncommon
(locally
abundant) |
|
COMMELINACEAE (Spiderwort Family) |
|||
|
Commelina communis L. |
# |
Dayflower |
Rare |
|
PONTEDERIACEAE (Pickerelweed Family) |
|||
|
Pontederia cordata L. |
|
Pickerelweed |
Common |
|
Zosterella dubia (Jacq.) Small (Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM.) |
|
Water Stargrass |
Uncommon (locally abundant) |
|
JUNCACEAE (Rush Family) |
|||
|
Juncus alpinoarticulatus Chaix. (J. alpinus Vill.,
p. pt.) |
|
Alpine Rush |
RS (9*): The Burnt Lands; Marlborough Forest*; Britannia Bay; Magladry Road South; South Gloucester; Shirleys Bay; Burritts Rapids; Fernbank Wetland; Champlain Bridge. |
|
Juncus articulatus L. |
|
Jointed Rush |
Uncommon [ 12] |
|
Juncus arcticus Willd. var. balticus (Willd.) Traut. (J. balticus Willd.) |
[#] |
Baltic Rush |
Uncommon [native elsewhere in Ontario] |
|
Juncus brevicaudatus (Engelm.) Fern. |
|
Rush |
Common |
|
Juncus bufonius L. |
|
Toad Rush |
Common |